38. Course 13 Master Glossary Pedestrian Safety at Bus Stops
Course 13 Master Glossary Pedestrian Safety at Bus Stops
Wednesday, January 28, 2026
9:51 PM
MODULE 1 — Introduction to Pedestrian Safety at
Bus Stops
1. Pedestrian Exposure
The amount of time pedestrians spend in areas where they may encounter moving vehicles.
https://www.google.com/search?tbm=isch&q=pedestrian+exposure (google.com in Bing)
2. Transit Environment
The physical and operational space surrounding bus stops and transit routes.
https://www.google.com/search?tbm=isch&q=transit+environment (google.com in Bing)
3. Crash Risk Factors
Conditions or behaviors that increase the likelihood of a pedestrian-vehicle crash.
https://www.google.com/search?tbm=isch&q=crash+risk+factors (google.com in Bing)
4. Built Environment
Human-made surroundings such as roads, sidewalks, lighting, and land use.
https://www.google.com/search?tbm=isch&q=built+environment (google.com in Bing)
5. High-Crash Location
A site where crashes occur at a rate significantly above typical levels. https://www.google.com/search?
tbm=isch&q=high+crash+location (google.com in Bing)
6. Transit Passenger Behavior
Actions taken by riders as they approach, wait for, board, or exit a bus.
https://www.google.com/search?tbm=isch&q=transit+passenger+behavior (google.com in Bing)
7. Environmental Conditions
Lighting, weather, and roadway features that influence safety. https://www.google.com/search?
tbm=isch&q=environmental+conditions+roadway (google.com in Bing)
MODULE 2 — Determinants of Pedestrian Crash
Occurrence
1. Crash Determinant
A factor that contributes to the likelihood of a crash occurring. https://www.google.com/search?
tbm=isch&q=crash+determinant (google.com in Bing)
2. Exposure Risk
The degree to which pedestrians are placed in situations where conflicts may occur.
https://www.google.com/search?tbm=isch&q=exposure+risk+pedestrian (google.com in Bing)
3. Conflict Point
A location where pedestrian and vehicle paths intersect. https://www.google.com/search?
tbm=isch&q=traffic+conflict+point (google.com in Bing)
4. Operational Factors
Transit or traffic conditions such as bus speed, frequency, or stop placement.
https://www.google.com/search?tbm=isch&q=transit+operational+factors (google.com in Bing)
5. Behavioral Factors
Actions by pedestrians or drivers that influence crash risk. https://www.google.com/search?
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tbm=isch&q=pedestrian+behavior+traffic (google.com in Bing)
6. Crash Causation
The combination of factors that lead to a collision. https://www.google.com/search?
tbm=isch&q=crash+causation (google.com in Bing)
7. Built-Environment Influence
How roadway design and land use shape crash likelihood. https://www.google.com/search?
tbm=isch&q=built+environment+influence (google.com in Bing)
MODULE 3 — Identifying and Ranking High-Crash
Locations
1. Crash Index
A numerical score used to rank locations based on crash frequency and severity.
https://www.google.com/search?tbm=isch&q=crash+index (google.com in Bing)
2. Crash Cluster
A geographic grouping of multiple crashes within a defined area. https://www.google.com/search?
tbm=isch&q=crash+cluster+map (google.com in Bing)
3. Severity Weighting
Assigning higher value to more serious crashes in ranking systems. https://www.google.com/search?
tbm=isch&q=crash+severity+weighting (google.com in Bing)
4. Hotspot Identification
Locating areas with unusually high crash activity. https://www.google.com/search?
tbm=isch&q=crash+hotspot+identification (google.com in Bing)
5. Crash Density
The concentration of crashes within a specific area. https://www.google.com/search?
tbm=isch&q=crash+density+map (google.com in Bing)
6. Spatial Analysis
Using mapping tools to identify crash patterns. https://www.google.com/search?
tbm=isch&q=spatial+analysis+gis (google.com in Bing)
7. Prioritization Framework
A structured method for deciding which locations need improvements first.
Bing)
MODULE 4 — Pedestrian Safety and Transit
1. Transit-Pedestrian Interface
The space where pedestrians interact with transit vehicles and infrastructure.
https://www.google.com/search?tbm=isch&q=transit+pedestrian+interface (google.com in Bing)
2. First-Mile/Last-Mile Travel
The walking portion of a transit trip between origin/destination and the bus stop.
https://www.google.com/search?tbm=isch&q=first+mile+last+mile (google.com in Bing)
3. Transit Exposure
Pedestrian activity generated by transit use near stops. https://www.google.com/search?
tbm=isch&q=transit+exposure+pedestrian (google.com in Bing)
4. Operational Safety Factors
Transit service characteristics that affect pedestrian risk. https://www.google.com/search?
tbm=isch&q=operational+safety+factors+transit (google.com in Bing)
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5. Transit Accessibility
How easily pedestrians can reach and use transit services. https://www.google.com/search?
tbm=isch&q=transit+accessibility (google.com in Bing)
6. Transit Corridor
A roadway with concentrated transit activity and pedestrian movement.
https://www.google.com/search?tbm=isch&q=transit+corridor (google.com in Bing)
7. Stop Spacing
The distance between bus stops, influencing pedestrian crossing frequency.
https://www.google.com/search?tbm=isch&q=bus+stop+spacing (google.com in Bing)
MODULE 5 — Resources with Recommendations
1. Best Practices
Established methods proven to improve safety and performance. https://www.google.com/search?
tbm=isch&q=transportation+best+practices (google.com in Bing)
2. Guidance Document
A publication offering recommended standards or design principles. https://www.google.com/search?
tbm=isch&q=transportation+guidance+document (google.com in Bing)
3. Safety Countermeasure
An intervention designed to reduce crash frequency or severity. https://www.google.com/search?
tbm=isch&q=safety+countermeasure (google.com in Bing)
4. Transit Design Standards
Specifications guiding the design of transit infrastructure. https://www.google.com/search?
tbm=isch&q=transit+design+standards (google.com in Bing)
5. Access Management
Strategies that improve safe pedestrian movement to transit stops. https://www.google.com/search?
tbm=isch&q=pedestrian+access+management (google.com in Bing)
6. Engineering Countermeasure
A physical improvement such as lighting, medians, or crosswalks. https://www.google.com/search?
tbm=isch&q=engineering+countermeasure (google.com in Bing)
7. Policy Intervention
A rule or procedure that influences safety outcomes. https://www.google.com/search?
tbm=isch&q=policy+intervention+transportation (google.com in Bing)
MODULE 6 — Expert Interviews
1. Subject-Matter Expert (SME)
A professional with specialized knowledge in a specific field. https://www.google.com/search?
tbm=isch&q=subject+matter+expert (google.com in Bing)
2. Qualitative Insight
Non-numerical information gathered through interviews or observations.
https://www.google.com/search?tbm=isch&q=qualitative+insight (google.com in Bing)
3. Professional Judgment
Decisions based on training, experience, and expertise. https://www.google.com/search?
tbm=isch&q=professional+judgment (google.com in Bing)
4. Cross-Disciplinary Collaboration
Cooperation among professionals from different fields. https://www.google.com/search?
tbm=isch&q=cross+disciplinary+collaboration (google.com in Bing)
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5. Practice-Based Evidence
tbm=isch&q=practice+based+evidence (google.com in Bing)
6. Expert Elicitation
Gathering insights from professionals to inform decisions. https://www.google.com/search?
tbm=isch&q=expert+elicitation (google.com in Bing)
7. Implementation Barriers
Obstacles that prevent recommended improvements from being adopted.
https://www.google.com/search?tbm=isch&q=implementation+barriers (google.com in Bing)
MODULE 7 — Crash Data Analysis
1. Crash Typology
A system for classifying crashes based on movement and circumstances.
https://www.google.com/search?tbm=isch&q=crash+typology (google.com in Bing)
2. Severity Scale
A ranking of crashes by injury level. https://www.google.com/search?tbm=isch&q=crash+severity+scale
(google.com in Bing)
3. Temporal Patterns
Trends in crashes based on time of day, week, or year. https://www.google.com/search?
tbm=isch&q=temporal+patterns+crash (google.com in Bing)
4. Demographic Factors
Characteristics of people involved in crashes. https://www.google.com/search?
tbm=isch&q=demographic+factors+transportation (google.com in Bing)
5. Environmental Conditions
Lighting, weather, and roadway features present during a crash. https://www.google.com/search?
tbm=isch&q=environmental+conditions+crash (google.com in Bing)
6. Crash Severity Index
A weighted measure accounting for seriousness of injuries. https://www.google.com/search?
tbm=isch&q=crash+severity+index (google.com in Bing)
7. Crash Narrative
A descriptive account of how a crash occurred. https://www.google.com/search?
tbm=isch&q=crash+narrative (google.com in Bing)
MODULE 8 — Environmental Conditions and Crash
Risk
1. Roadway Geometry
The physical layout of a road, including width and curvature. https://www.google.com/search?
tbm=isch&q=roadway+geometry (google.com in Bing)
2. Lighting Conditions
The level and quality of illumination near a roadway. https://www.google.com/search?
tbm=isch&q=roadway+lighting+conditions (google.com in Bing)
3. Land Use Context
The surrounding environment that shapes pedestrian activity. https://www.google.com/search?
tbm=isch&q=land+use+context (google.com in Bing)
4. Visibility Constraints
Features that limit a driver’s or pedestrian’s ability to see hazards. https://www.google.com/search?
New Section 1 Page 4
tbm=isch&q=visibility+constraints (google.com in Bing)
5. Environmental Hazard
A physical condition that increases crash risk. https://www.google.com/search?
tbm=isch&q=environmental+hazard+roadway (google.com in Bing)
6. Crossing Complexity
The difficulty of navigating a roadway due to width or traffic. https://www.google.com/search?
tbm=isch&q=crossing+complexity (google.com in Bing)
7. High-Speed Corridor
A roadway where elevated speeds increase crash severity. https://www.google.com/search?
tbm=isch&q=high+speed+corridor (google.com in Bing)
MODULE 9 — Field Observation Methods
1. Field Observation
Systematic collection of real-world behavioral and environmental data.
https://www.google.com/search?tbm=isch&q=field+observation+research (google.com in Bing)
2. Systematic Sampling
Observing subjects at consistent intervals or time periods. https://www.google.com/search?
tbm=isch&q=systematic+sampling (google.com in Bing)
3. Behavioral Coding
Categorizing observed actions into predefined groups. https://www.google.com/search?
tbm=isch&q=behavioral+coding (google.com in Bing)
4. Observer Bias
When an observer’s expectations influence what they record. https://www.google.com/search?
tbm=isch&q=observer+bias (google.com in Bing)
5. Naturalistic Observation
Observing behavior in its natural environment without interference. https://www.google.com/search?
tbm=isch&q=naturalistic+observation (google.com in Bing)
6. Environmental Scan
A structured assessment of physical site conditions. https://www.google.com/search?
tbm=isch&q=environmental+scan+transportation (google.com in Bing)
7. Conflict Observation
Recording instances where pedestrian and vehicle paths intersect unsafely.
https://www.google.com/search?tbm=isch&q=pedestrian+vehicle+conflict (google.com in Bing)
MODULE 10 — Pedestrian Behavior
1. Gap Acceptance
A pedestrian’s decision about whether a traffic gap is safe to cross. https://www.google.com/search?
tbm=isch&q=gap+acceptance (google.com in Bing)
2. Desire Line
The path pedestrians naturally choose, even if not formally designed. https://www.google.com/search?
tbm=isch&q=desire+line+pedestrian (google.com in Bing)
3. Risk-Taking Behavior
tbm=isch&q=risk+taking+behavior+pedestrian (google.com in Bing)
4. Pedestrian Compliance
The degree to which pedestrians follow traffic rules and signals. https://www.google.com/search?
tbm=isch&q=pedestrian+compliance (google.com in Bing)
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5. Exposure Behavior
Actions that increase time spent in or near traffic lanes. https://www.google.com/search?
tbm=isch&q=pedestrian+exposure+behavior (google.com in Bing)
6. Mid-Block Crossing
Crossing a street outside a designated crosswalk. https://www.google.com/search?
tbm=isch&q=midblock+crossing (google.com in Bing)
7. Shortcut Behavior
Choosing the fastest route even if it is less safe. https://www.google.com/search?
tbm=isch&q=pedestrian+shortcut+behavior (google.com in Bing)
If you want, I can immediately prepare Batch 2 (Modules 11–15) in the exact same format.
prepare Batch 2 (Modules 11–15
Absolutely, J — here is Batch 2 (Modules 11–15) with 7 key words per module, each with:
• A clean, student-ready glossary definition
• A short Google Image search URL placed directly under the definition (your preferred format)
Everything is formatted identically to Batch 1 so you can drop it straight into Canvas.
MODULE 11 — Motorist Behavior: Pedestrians
1. Driver Yielding Behavior
How consistently drivers stop or slow for pedestrians at crossings or conflict points.
2. Speed Compliance
The degree to which drivers follow posted speed limits. https://www.google.com/search?
3. Driver Workload
The mental and physical demands placed on a driver by roadway complexity and traffic.
4. Visibility Awareness
A driver’s ability to detect pedestrians based on lighting and sightlines.
5. Conflict Maneuver
A driver action—such as turning or merging—that creates potential collision points.
6. Failure to Yield
When a driver does not stop for a pedestrian who has the right of way.
7. Turning Conflict
A crash risk created when drivers turn across pedestrian paths. https://www.google.com/search?
MODULE 12 — Transit Passenger Activity and Bus
Operations
1. Boarding/Alighting Activity
The number of passengers getting on or off a bus at a stop. https://www.google.com/search?
2. Stop Dwell Time
How long a bus remains at a stop to load and unload passengers. https://www.google.com/search?
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3. Operational Flow
The movement pattern of buses along a route, including spacing and timing.
4. Transit-Induced Pedestrian Activity
Pedestrian movement generated by transit use near bus stops. https://www.google.com/search?
5. Service Frequency
How often buses arrive at a stop. https://www.google.com/search?tbm=isch&q=bus+service+frequency
6. Ridership Volume
The number of passengers using a stop or route. https://www.google.com/search?
7. Passenger Surge
A sudden increase in boarding or alighting activity. https://www.google.com/search?
MODULE 13 — Bus Stop and Intersection Design
1. Far-Side Stop
A bus stop located immediately after an intersection. https://www.google.com/search?
2. Near-Side Stop
A bus stop located before an intersection. https://www.google.com/search?
3. Curb Extension (Bulb-Out)
A sidewalk extension that shortens crossing distance and improves visibility.
4. Refuge Island
A protected space in the center of a roadway for pedestrians to wait safely.
5. Intersection Control
The traffic management system at an intersection (signals, stop signs, etc.).
6. Sightline Obstruction
Anything that blocks a driver’s or pedestrian’s view of approaching traffic.
7. Conflict Zone
An area where pedestrian and vehicle paths intersect. https://www.google.com/search?
MODULE 14 — Transit Passenger Intercept Surveys
1. Intercept Survey
A survey administered in person at a specific location such as a bus stop.
2. Survey Instrument
The questionnaire used to collect responses. https://www.google.com/search?
3. Sampling Frame
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The population from which survey participants are selected. https://www.google.com/search?
4. Response Bias
Distortion in results caused by who responds or how questions are asked.
5. Perceived Safety
A rider’s subjective sense of how safe they feel. https://www.google.com/search?
6. Rider Perception Data
Information about how passengers feel about safety, access, and comfort.
7. Data Cleaning
Correcting or removing inaccurate or incomplete survey responses. https://www.google.com/search?
MODULE 15 — Strategies and Conclusions
1. Multimodal Safety Strategy
A coordinated approach integrating engineering, education, enforcement, and policy.
2. Systemic Safety Improvement
A proactive method targeting risk factors across the entire network. https://www.google.com/search?
3. Behavioral Intervention
Programs designed to influence pedestrian or driver behavior. https://www.google.com/search?
4. Infrastructure Enhancement
Physical improvements that reduce crash risk. https://www.google.com/search?
5. Policy Alignment
Ensuring that transit, planning, and roadway policies support shared safety goals.
6. Network-Wide Strategy
A safety approach applied across many locations rather than only hotspots.
7. Traffic Calming
Design techniques that slow vehicles and improve safety. https://www.google.com/search?
New Section 1 Page 8
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